1801006139 - long case
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A 55 year old male who is a resident of Miryalaguda and vegetable vendor by occupation presented to the General Medicine O.P.D with chief complaints of
- Shortness of Breath 20 days ago
- Swelling of both lower limbs 10 days ago
History of Presenting Illness:
Patient
was apparently asymptomatic 20 days back then he developed shortness of
breath which was insidious in onset which was initially on exertion, now
progressed to symptoms even while rest (NYHA GRADE-4).
Patient also complains of breathlessness on lying down in supine position , relived in sitting position.(orthopnea)
Patient also complains of pedal edema 10 days ago which was insidious in onset and gradually progressed till knees.
No history of chest pain, palpitations, sweating
No history of Fever, cough
No history of decreased urine output.
No history of wheeze, hemoptysis, PND
No history of chest tightness,
History of Past Illness:
Not a known case of Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Asthma, Tuberculosis, Coronary Artery Disease, Epilepsy, Stroke.
Personal History:
Patient takes mixed diet, appetite is good, Bowel and Bladder movements are Regular, Sleep is Disturbed.
Patient consumes 90ml of alcohol ocasionally for the past 10 years,
chews gutka for the past 15 years.
Treatment History:
Patient used NSAIDS for back pain once in every 2-3 days for the past 3 years.
Family History:
No significant family history.
General Examination:
After taking consent, Patient is examined in a well lit room after adequately exposed.
Patient is conscious, coherent and cooperative and well oriented to time place and person.
Patient is moderately built and moderately nourished.
PALLOR - Absent
ICTERUS - Absent
CYANOSIS - Absent
CLUBBING - Present, Bilateral, Pandigital
GENERALIZED LYMPHADENOPATHY - Absent
PEDAL EDEMA - Grade 2 (Till knees),Bilateral, Painless, Pitting type.
VITALS:
Temperature - Afebrile
Blood Pressure - 130/70 mm Hg
Pulse Rate - 66bpm, regular.
Respiratory Rate - 22cpm
GRBS - 92mg/dl
Systemic Examination:
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM EXAMINATION:
JVP is raised
Inspection:
Chest wall shape is Normal
Precordial bulge is absent
Kyphoscoliosis is not seen
No dilated veins ,scars, sinuses
Apical impulse is not seen
No pulsations are seen.
Palpation:
Kyphoscoliosis absent
Apical Impulse - Position: Felt at 6th ICS 2cm lateral to mid clavicular line
Character: Diffuse and sustained
No pulsations felt
No Thrills felt
No dilated veins felt
Auscultation:
Mitral Area - S1 S2 heard , No added murmurs.
Tricuspid Area - S1 S2 heard , No Added murmurs
Pulmonary area - S1 S2 heard , No added murmurs
Aortic area - S1 S2 heard , No added murmurs
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM EXAMINATION:
Inspection -
Chest is symmetrical
Trachea is midline
No retractions
No kyphoscoliosis
No Winging of scapula
No Scars, sinuses, Dilated Veins
All areas move equally and symmetrically with respiration
Palpation -
Trachea is Midline
No tenderness, no local rise in temperature
Tactile Vocal Fremitus
Right Left
Supra clavicular: Present Present
Infra clavicular: Present Present
Mammary: Present Present
Supra clavicular: Present Present
Infra clavicular: Present Present
Mammary: Present Present
Infra mammary: Diminished Present
Axillary: Present Present
Infra axillary: Diminished Diminished
Supra scapular: Present Present
Infra scapular: Diminished Present
Inter scapular: Present Present
Axillary: Present Present
Infra axillary: Diminished Diminished
Supra scapular: Present Present
Infra scapular: Diminished Present
Inter scapular: Present Present
Percussion -
Right Left
Supra clavicular: resonant resonant
Infra clavicular: resonant resonant
Mammary: resonant resonant
Supra clavicular: resonant resonant
Infra clavicular: resonant resonant
Mammary: resonant resonant
Infra mammary: DULLNESS resonant
Axillary: resonant resonant
Infra axillary: DULLNESS DULLNESS
Supra scapular: resonant resonant
Infra scapular: DULLNESS resonant
Inter scapular: resonant resonant
Axillary: resonant resonant
Infra axillary: DULLNESS DULLNESS
Supra scapular: resonant resonant
Infra scapular: DULLNESS resonant
Inter scapular: resonant resonant
No tenderness
Auscultation -
Right. Left
Supra clavicular:. NVBS NVBS
Infra clavicular: NVBS NVBS
Mammary: NVBS NVBS
Supra clavicular:. NVBS NVBS
Infra clavicular: NVBS NVBS
Mammary: NVBS NVBS
Infra mammary: Diminished NVBS
Axillary: NVBS NVBS
Infra axillary: Diminished Diminished
Supra scapular: NVBS NVBS
Infra scapular: Diminished NVBS
Inter scapular: NVBS NVBS
Axillary: NVBS NVBS
Infra axillary: Diminished Diminished
Supra scapular: NVBS NVBS
Infra scapular: Diminished NVBS
Inter scapular: NVBS NVBS
Vocal Resonance
Right Left
Supra clavicular: Resonant Resonant
Infra clavicular: Resonant Resonant
Mammary: Resonant Resonant
Infra clavicular: Resonant Resonant
Mammary: Resonant Resonant
Infra mammary: Diminished Resonant
Axillary: Resonant Resonant
Infra axillary: Diminished Diminished
Supra scapular: Resonant Resonant
Infra scapular: Diminished Resonant
Inter scapular: Resonant Resonant
Axillary: Resonant Resonant
Infra axillary: Diminished Diminished
Supra scapular: Resonant Resonant
Infra scapular: Diminished Resonant
Inter scapular: Resonant Resonant
No added Sounds
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM EXAMINATION
Higher Mental Functions intact
Cranial nerve Examination - Normal
Sensory Examination - Normal
Motor Examination - Normal
Neck Rigidity - Absent
Kernigs sign - Negative
Brudzinskis sign - Negative
ABDOMINAL EXAMINATION:
Soft
No tenderness
No Hepatomegaly
Spleen is not palpable
Bowel sounds are heard
PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS :
HEART FAILURE WITH BILATERAL PLEURAL EFFUSION
CHEST X RAY:
Findings:
Obliteration of right sided costo phrenic angle
Enlarged Cardiac silhoutte
Cardio Thoracic Ratio is more than 0.5
ULTRASONOGRAM FINDINGS:
- BILATERAL GRADE 2 RENAL PARENCHYMAL CHANGES
- BILATERAL MILD PLEURAL EFFUSION
- DILATED INFERIOR VENA CAVA AND HEPATIC VEINS-CONGESTIVE CHANGES
COLOR DOPPLER 2D ECHO:
- LEFT VENTRICLE - GLOBAL HYPOKINETIC, MODERATE TO SEVERE DYSFUNCTION.
- RIGHT ATRIUM, LEFT ATRIUM, RIGHT VENTRICLE ARE DILATED
- DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
- INFERIOR VENA CAVA DILATED , NON COLLAPSING
- EJECTION FRACTION - 38%
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM:
FINAL DIAGNOSIS :
HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION WITH BILATERAL PLEURAL EFFUSION
TREATMENT:
- INJECTION LASIX 40mg IV BD
- FLUID RESTRICTION <1lit/day and salt restriction
- TAB. ECOSPRIN PO
- TAB MET XL 12.5mg PO
- INJECTION THIAMINE 200mg Direct IV BD
- PANTOP 40 mg PO BD
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